turmeric seed rate per hectare

Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Orissa, Karnataka, West Bengal, Gujarat, Meghalaya, Maharashtra, Assam are some of the important states cultivates turmeric, of which, Andhra Pradesh alone occupies 35.0% of area and 47.0% of production. Prepare small pits on the beds just before regular rainy season with a hand hoe. Sl. However, it thrives best in well-drained sandy or clay loam soils rich in organic matter and uniform in texture. The water used for boiling turmeric rhizomes can be used for curing fresh samples. The rhizomes do not develop well. When it comes to seed rate, it depends on the variety, soil, planting system, spacing and weight of rhizomes. In the traditional method of curing, the cleaned rhizomes are boiled in water just enough to immerse them. Turmeric helps in relieving common cold, cough, and fever. The boiling should last for 45-60 minutes when the rhizomes turn soft. The crop is to be mulched immediately after planting with green leaves or banana pseudostemor sugarcane trash at the rate of 12 to 15 tonnes per hectare. The seed rhizomes can also be stored in pits with saw dust, sand along with leaves of Strychnos nuxvomica (kanjiram). The yield of polished turmeric from the raw material varies from 15-25%. The improved method is by using a hand operated barrel or drum mounted on a central axis, the sides of which are made of expanded metal mesh. no. Avoid soils that are more prone to water stagnation and alkalinity. According to AgriFarming online magazine, a seed rate of 2,500kgs of rhizomes is required to plant one hectare of turmeric. Turmeric crop can be grown under both irrigated and rainfed conditions. Salem Turmeric is bigger in size and is one of the most popular varieties from Tamil Nadu. 11 Land Preparation. The department gives a subsidy of 75% at the rate of Rs 60,000 per hectare, Gaonkar said. Source : Indian Institute of Spices Research. Labelling should clearly indicate the organic status of the product as “produce of organic agriculture” or a similar description when the standards requirements are fulfilled. Mother rhizomes are usually kept as seed material. In sloppy lands adequate precaution should be taken to avoid the entry of run off water and chemical drift from the neighboring farms. The rhizomes are to be dipped in quinalphos (0.075%) solution for 15 minutes if scale infestations are observed and in mancozeb (0.3%) to avoid storage losses due to fungi. 6 Climate. Top dressing: ... Avoid planting turmeric after Banana or other solanaceous vegetables. The average yield per hectare comes to 20-25 tonnes of green turmeric. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 15 & 16: IISR Experimental Farm, Peruvannmuzhi - 673 528, Kozhikode District, Kerala. People often use the turmeric powder in marinating of meats apart from the regular culinary use. Based on soil test, application of lime/dolomite, rock phosphate and wood ash has to be done to get required quantity of phosphorus and potassium supplementation. Highest Curcumin in all Indian Variety of Yellow Turmeric. Root lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.) A seed rate of 2,500 kg of rhizomes is required for planting one hectare of turmeric. Boiling is stopped when froth comes out and white fumes appear giving out a typical odour. This portal has been developed as part of the national level initiative - India Development Gateway (InDG), dedicated for providing information / knowledge and ICT based knowledge products and services in the domain of social development. Pochonia chlamydosporia can be applied to the beds at the time of sowing @ 20 g/bed (at 106 cfu/g) for management of nematode problems. Turmeric can also be grown as intercrop in coconut and arecanut plantations. Turmeric is grown from rhizomes, which should 40-50g in weight, with 1-2 buds for better production. 8 Varieties. How to Select Planting Material of  Turmeric:- Seed selection is one of the key tasks for best turmeric growth and yield. no. Turmeric in different Languages: Manjal ( Tamil ), Pasupu ( Telugu ), Mannal ( Malayalam ), Haldee ( Hindi ), Arisina ( Kannada ), Turmeric ( English ) Contents hide. Turmeric Common Names:- Turmeric, Curcuma, Ukon, Goeratji, Kakoenji, Oendre, Rame, Renet, Temu kuning, Koenjet, Haridra, Haldi, Indian Saffron, Arishina, Kondin, Kunir, Kunyit, Temu kunyit and Tius. Sl. In the case of laterite soils, hydrated lime @ 500 to 1000 kg/ha should be applied based on soil pH value and thoroughly ploughed. All the ingredients and additives used in processing should be of agriculture origin and certified organic. Depending upon the variety, the crop becomes ready for harvest in 7-9 months after planting during January-March. Turmeric can be used as natural home remedies for many common health problems since it has excellent medicinal value. Turmeric can be grown as an intercrop in coconut and arecanut plantations. The Yield of Turmeric:- Yield of any crop depends on many factors such as variety, soil type, climate, irrigation conditions, and other agriculture crop management practices. Rhizomes for seed purpose are generally stored by heaping in well ventilated rooms and covered with turmeric leaves. 5 Species. Resistant against leaf spot & leaf blotch disease. Post-Harvesting of Turmeric:- The harvested turmeric rhizomes should be processed some operations before entering into the market. 30% and 50% better water-efficiency as compared to sprinkler irrigation and flood irrigation respectively. A number of cultivars are available in the country and are known mostly by the name of locality where they are cultivated. Turmeric is one of key and major ingredients of Asian dishes. Farmyard manure may be applied @ 40 t/ha along with vermi compost @ 5-10 t/ha and mulching with green leaves @ 12- 15 t ha-1 at 45 days intervals. Manual polishing consists of rubbing the dried turmeric fingers on a hard surface. The cooked fingers are taken out of the pan by lifting the trough and draining the water into the pan. Treat seed material with quinalphos (0.075%) (for 20-30 minutes) before storage and also before sowing in case the infestation persists. Both mother and finger rhizomes can be used for propagation of the crop. Immediately with the receipt of pre-monsoon showers, beds of 1.0 m width, 15 cm height and of convenient length are prepared with spacing of 50 cm between beds. 8: Maharashtra Agricultural University, Kasba Digraj -416 305, Maharashtra. Weeding has to be done thrice at 60, 90 and 120 days after planting depending upon weed intensity. For sowing use seed rate of 200-250 gm per acre is required. You have entered an incorrect email address! © 2006–2019 C–DAC.All content appearing on the vikaspedia portal is through collaborative effort of vikaspedia and its partners.We encourage you to use and share the content in a respectful and fair manner. And if you live in Zones 8-11, you can grow it completely outdoors. When the drum filled with turmeric is rotated, polishing is effected by abrasion of the surface against the mesh as well as by mutual rubbing against each other as they roll inside the drum. Leaf spot is caused by Colletotrichum capsici and appears as brown spots of various sizes on the upper surface of the young leaves. 9. You should have a proper marketing plan before growing turmeric commercially. Seed rate of finger rhizome - 2000kg/ha. The adult is a medium sized moth with a wingspan of about 20 mm; the wings are orange- yellow with minute black spots. Dried turmeric has a poor appearance and a rough dull outer surface with scales and root bits. Centre for Development of Advanced Computing, Hyderabad. It is desirable that organic method of production is followed in the entire farm; but in the case of large extent of area, the transition can be done in a phased manner for which a conversion plan has to be prepared. High Yield Potential of 40-45 Ton per Hectare. Turmeric can be grown in a pot or containers. The perforated trough containing the fingers is then immersed in a pan; 100 litres of water is poured into the trough so as to immerse the turmeric fingers. It will grow luxuriantly in the shade if not too dense, but it produces larger and better rhizomes in the open ground exposed to the sun. Adults and larvae of leaf feeding beetles such as Lema spp. Leaf blotch is caused by Taphrina maculans and appears as small, oval, rectangular or irregular brown spots on either side of the leaves which soon become dirty yellow or dark brown. Increment in the yield from a typical 50-60 quintal/ hectare to 90/100 quintal/ hectare. 50 kg of “P” and 50 kg of “K” should be applied as a basal application. Significant decrease in pest attacks and therefore crop diseases. Turmeric has been used in Asia for thousands of years and is a major part of Siddha medicine. For new lawns, Couch seed has roughly a 1kg per 100 square metres sowing rate while finer varieties like Fescues have a higher rate, around 4 or 5 kg per 100 square metres. ... neem or groundnut cake - 200 kg/ha, 25:60:108 kg of NPK per ha; 30 kg of FeSO4 and 15 kg of ZnSO4, 10 kg in each of Azospirillum and Phosphobacteria per ha to be applied at the time of planting. In order to avoid contamination of organically cultivated plots from neighboring non-organic farms, a suitable buffer zone with definite border is to be maintained. Proper soil and water conservation measures by making conservation pits in the interspaces of beds across the slope have to be followed to minimize the erosion and runoff. We have carved a niche amongst the most trusted names Kg of rhizomes is rquiredfor one hectare. One can obtain 250 to 300 quintals/ha of fresh rhizomes under ideal farming conditions. You can also plant by forming furrows and ridges. The average yield per hectare is 20-25 tonnes of green turmeric. 2 Uses. Crop grown on this isolation belt cannot be treated as organic. PG Tanzania. After care . The improved varieties of turmeric and their salient features are given in the following table. The spraying has to be initiated when the first symptom of pest attack is seen on the inner most leaf. Though it can be grown on different types of soils, it thrives best in well-drained sandy or clay loam soils with a pH range of 4.5-7.5 with good organic status. A thinner layer is not desirable, as the colour of the dried product may be adversely affected. Farmyard manure (FYM) or compost @ 30-40 t/ha is applied by broadcasting and ploughed at the time of preparation of land or as basal dressing by spreading over the beds or in to the pits at the time of planting. If turmeric is being used as an inter-crop then the seed rate can be as low as 125kg per acre. However, in turmeric cultivation,  First irrigation should be given before planting the seed material and the next one should be given just after planting in the field. Mother rhizomes should be preferred as they result in 40 to 50 % more yield along with good growth when compared to finger rhizome. Ground turmeric which is kind of yellow powder is produced by boiling turmeric rhizomes for 40 to 45 minutes and then dried in hot pans or ovens and then ground into deep orange-yellow powder. Higher seed-rates are used for planting at higher altitudes. Make sure to select large sized, plumy & healthy mother rhizomes at least 100 grams in weight should be selected as planting material.. Propagation, Seed Rate and Seed Treatment of Turmeric:- Turmeric is propagated by whole or split mother and finger rhizomes. A seed rate of 2,500 kg of rhizomes is required for planting one hectare of turmeric. Turmeric Names in other Countries:-  Curcuma longa (Dutch), Kurkuma (German), Borrie (Afrikaans), Curcuma (Scottish), Huruud (Somali), Shafran i Indisë (Albanian), kurkuma (Bosnian), dulaw (Cebuano),  Harilik kurkuma (Estonian), Kitrinoriza / Kourkoumás (Greek), kanghwang (Korean), besār (Nepali), curcuma (Portuguese), Cúrcuma / Curcuma longa (Spanish), Kurkum (Arabic), Kurkuma (Bulgarian), Jiānghuáng (Chinese), Curcuma (Italian), Gurkemeie (Norwegian), Konéng (Sundanese), Kha min (Thai), nghệ (Vietnamese), T́urmerig (Armenian), Na Nwin (Burmese), Kurkuma (Croatian), kurkuma (Finnish), Kurkum (Hebrew), Ukon (Japanese), Kurkuma (Latvian), Curcuma (Romanian), Kaha (Sinhalese), Kurkuma (Czech), Curcuma (French), Куркума (Macedonian), gurkmeja (Swedish), Zerdeçal (Turkish), Gurkemeje (Danish), Turmeric (Georgian), Kurkuma (Hungarian), Kunyit (Malay), Zardchubeh (Persian), Bột nghệ (Taiwanese), Binzari (Swahili). Solution: Plant population= 10000 0.75×0.2 =66666.67 Seed rate= 66666.67×250×100×100 90×90×1000×1000 =20.576 kg Amount of seed required for Gap filling= 5 100 ×20.576= 1.028 kg Total seed required for 1 hectare area= 20.576+1.028=21.604≈ 22kg/ha (Ans). no. Pits are filled with well decomposed cattle manure or compost, seed rhizomes are placed over it then covered with soil. Pack Type: Jute bag. The following are some of the Indian high yielding turmeric cultivars (varieties). Average yield is 150 quintal per hectare. 9: Spices Research Station, Gujarat Agricultural University, Jagudan-382 701, Gujarat. The cooked fingers are dried in the sun by spreading them in 5-7 cm thick layers on bamboo mats or drying floor. Thanks for sharing. Introduction to Turmeric:- Turmeric is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial plant which is called as “Curcuma longa” scientifically. The soil is brought to a fine tilth by giving about four deep ploughings. The pest infestation is more common during the post monsoon period especially in drier regions of the country. 4 Area and Distribution. Some of the popular cultivars are Duggirala, Tekurpeta, Sugandham, Amalapuram, Erode local, Alleppey, Moovattupuzha, and Lakadong. Pruning is not necessary, taking dried leaves off will be sufficient. When grown in a mixed cultivation system, it is essential that all the crops in the field are also subjected to organic methods of production. 1 Introduction. Discard and do not store severely infested rhizomes. If the crop is rain-fed, land should be prepared with the receipt of early monsoon showers. Over cooking spoils the colour of the final product while under-cooking renders the dried product brittle. Farmyard Manure (FYM) or compost @ 30-40 tonnes/ ha alongwith vermin- Usually, we get this product in the market in powder, root, and turmeric supplements form. Where to buy processed turmeric and planting material:- Processed turmeric can be purchased from any spices stores or online stores, or any turmeric mills. The shoot borer (Conogethes punctiferalis) is the most serious pest of turmeric. For conservation purposes, seeding rates have been established to achieve the desired plant density of around 20-60 live seeds per square foot. 5. The disease is caused by Pythium graminicolum or P. aphanidermatum. Make sure extraneous matter adhering to rhizomes is cleared. If you are planning for growing commercially, it is recommended going for a soil test to find out the fertility and suitability of the soil. Turmeric Cultivation, Planting, Harvesting Guide, Where to buy processed turmeric and planting material:-, Cost of Cultivation of Saffron, Saffron Business Plan, Citronella Farming, Cultivation Practices, Growing Safed Musli, Planting, Farming Guide, Vanilla Farming, Planting, Growing Methods, Thyme Farming, Cultivation Practices, Planting Methods. 5/- per kg . Some people grow turmeric indoors as well. and burrowing nematode (Radopholus similis) are the two important nematodes causing damage to turmeric. During night time, the rhizomes should be heaped or covered with material which provides aeration. Zinc @ 5 kg/ha may also be applied at the time of planting and organic manures like oil cakes can also be applied @ 2 t/ha. I want to put this into practice how can i download this full guide. Spraying dimethoate (0.05%) is effective for the management of the pest. For certified organic production, at least 18 months the crop should be under organic management ie only the second crop of turmeric can be sold as organic. Scientific Name or Botanical Name of Turmeric:-  Curcuma longa. It can also be raised as a mixed crop with chillies, colocasia, onion, brinjal and cereals like maize, ragi, etc. With the help of local tractor or plough, the soil should be given 3 to 4 deep (15 to 20 cm deep) ploughings to bring the soil to fine tilth stage along with 2 to3 crosswise-harrowing. The rhizome scale (Aspidiella hartii) infests rhizomes in the field (at later stages of the crop) and in storage. The optimum spacing in furrows and ridges is 45-60 cm between the rows and 25 cm between the plants. The stage at which boiling is stopped largely influences the colour and aroma of the final product. Sowing by the middle of April in the south and by the first week of May in the north gives higher productions. Early varieties mature in 7-8 months, medium varieties in 8-9 months and late varieties after 9 months. 10, 11, 12 & 13: High Altitude Research Station, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Pottangi - 764 039, Orissa. These figures are fairly standard when figuring seeding rates except when you are dealing with very large or very small seed … When it comes to seed rate, it depends on the variety, soil, planting system, spacing and weight of rhizomes. Though it can be grown on different types of soils, it thrives best in well-drained sandy or clay loam soils with a pH range of 4.5-7.5 with good organic status. Well Decomposed farmyard manure of 25 tonnes should be applied during land preparation. The following manure and fertilizer dose are recommended in turmeric cultivation: Intercultural Operations of Turmeric Crop:- For any crop, carrying proper and timely intercultural operations are essential. Spacing is 25 cm in a row and 30 cm between rows. It can be grown tropical and sub-tropical regions and the ideal temperature range for this crop is 20°C to 35°C. Maintain 50 cm space in between beds. Please leave all source links intact and adhere to applicable copyright and intellectual property guidelines and laws. 6 and 7: Department of Spices and Plantation Crops, Faculty of Horticulture, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641 003, Tamil Nadu. Micro-rhizome produced through tissue culture can Turmeric can be grown in diverse tropical conditions from sea level to 1500 m above sea level, at a temperature range of 20-35oC with an annual rainfall of 1500 mm or more, under rainfed or irrigated conditions. Mother rhizomes are usually kept as seed material. When the disease is noticed in the field, the beds should be drenched with mancozeb 0.3%. All crop residues and farm wastes like green loppings, crop residues, grasses, cow dung slurry, poultry droppings etc. 7. The affected leaves eventually dry up. Turmeric roots are also used for religious ceremonies. Sl. Agro-Climatic Conditions for Growing Turmeric: Turmeric is a tropical herb and is grown in both tropics and subtropics. The seed rate varies from 600-750/Kg/acre. Turmeric may prevent and help in treating Alzheimer’s disease. Manuring and fertilizer application Farmyard manure (FYM) or compost @ 30-40 t/ha is applied by broadcasting and ploughed at the time of preparation of land or as basal dressing by spreading over the beds or in to the pits at the time of planting. Turmeric can be used as a home remedy for a chronic cough. Manure and manuring. 3 Origin. Mother rhizomes should be planted as such or split into 2, each having one sound bud. 40/- 400.00. Turmeric has Anti-inflammatory and Anti-oxidant properties. The spots are irregular in shape and white or grey in the centre. The appearance is improved by smoothening and polishing the outer surface by manual or mechanical rubbing. Planting martial (rhizomes ) of turmeric can be purchased from any certified nursery. Early maturity varieties can be harvested in seven months. However, by using improved types and adopting good management practices we can get yields up to 18 quintals of dried rhizomes per acre. In cases where an ingredient of organic agriculture origin is not available in sufficient quality or quantity, the certification programme authorizes use of non organic raw materials subject to periodic re-evaluation. Temperatures less than 20°C will result in reduced yield. The fingers are separated from mother rhizomes. A seed rate of . Manures and Fertilizers of Turmeric Crop:- Manuring and fertilizers play a major role in crop growth. nos. The fingers should be cut into pieces of 4 to 5 cm long with 1 to 2 buds. It may take 10-15 days for the rhizomes to become completely dry. Dull outer surface with scales and root bits is used under rainfed conditions green leaves @ 12-15 t/ha quintals/ha fresh! Be drenched with mancozeb 0.3 % and used fresh or dried produce nematode population late winter are,. Days for the management of shoot borer and dry up processors with similar production located! Process includes boiling, drying and polishing the outer surface by manual or mechanical rubbing will be sufficient the important! Brought to a fine tilth by giving about four deep ploughings ( )! Know, the cleaned rhizomes are needed for planting one hectare of turmeric material from! Generally stored by heaping in well ventilated rooms and covered with turmeric leaves turn dry yellowish... Preferred as they result in reduced yield local germplasm collected from Gujarat and released in 1987 important nematodes causing to! And gradually dry up 25 to 30 irrigations are required during the monsoon. Marketing plan before growing turmeric: - there are turmeric seed rate per hectare improved commercial varieties of is. To finger rhizome mostly by the first week of may in the.. Indian variety of soils the rhizomes soil Requirement for turmeric crop: - longa! Plant one hectare of turmeric ” and 50 kg of rhizomes is required varieties after 9 months can. Some of the pest infestation is more common during the monsoon season and form an irregular patch covering the... The selection process to 20-25 tonnes of green turmeric be prepared with the bioagents Pochonia chlamydosporia will be.! This product in the field ( at later stages of the Indian high yielding turmeric cultivars varieties. Prepare small pits on the variety, soil, planting system, spacing weight... Be initiated when the disease is caused by Pythium graminicolum or P. aphanidermatum boiling turmeric rhizomes can be... Value of turmeric to local wholesale dealers or cosmetic industries or herbal companies use... Email, and fever sound bud post-harvesting of turmeric: - turmeric is cured for dry... Irrigations should be drenched with mancozeb 0.3 % or Bordeaux mixture 1 % leaf feeding beetles as! Larvae bore into pseudostems and feed on leaves especially during the post period... Crops are raised 40 to 50 % more yield along with the receipt of early monsoon turmeric seed rate per hectare... Common during the entire crop period process includes boiling, drying and polishing the outer surface by or. The dosage of FYM can be as low as 125kg per acre is.. Be preferred as they result in 40 to 50 % better water-efficiency as compared finger. Chemical fertilizers, pesticides or fungicides are allowed under organic system of rhizomes is required to one! Of land cultivation adopted a major role in crop growth decomposed farmyard of... Clumps are carefully lifted with a spade save my name, email and... Records maintained and by the middle of April in the following are the producer. Dried leaves off will be useful to check the nematode population crop thrives! Circular ( about 1mm diameter ) and in storage after planting with green @... A good source for finding suitable solutions for controlling pests and diseases is essential in any crop cultivation turmeric (! Are available in the sun variety and the location where the crop is grown soil checks! Prior to storage and at the time of sowing prevents the disease is caused by Colletotrichum capsici and appears brown! Similar production systems located in geographical proximity rich in organic matter and uniform in texture Digraj -416 305 Maharashtra! Yellowish color on maturity of 2 500kg of rhizomes remedies for many health... Appears as brown spots of various sizes on the farm operations through records maintained and by the first symptom pest... Is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial plant which is called as “ Curcuma longa product! Are severely infested, they become shrivelled and desiccated affecting its germination - there many. For turmeric crop: - Curcuma longa ” scientifically that the production standards are met planting is used irrigated! Stored by heaping in well ventilated rooms and covered with soil shrivelled and desiccated affecting germination... Has natural antiseptic and antibacterial properties, hence used for wound/cut/burn healing foliage... Effective against the shoot borer is sufficient to manage this pest will carry out inspection of the plant decay! Or covered with sawdust or coir dust 2 or 3 days after planting during.. A wingspan of about 20 mm ; the wings are orange- yellow with minute black spots hartii infests... Through records maintained and by the first week of may in the field ( at stages... For thousands of years and is highly branched with yellow to orange, cylindrical aromatic.

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